概览

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健康组件	ActorComponent	自定义，纯逻辑
文本组件	TextRenderComponent	显示生命值

创建健康组件

创建Component/STUHealthComponent

虚幻编辑器

• ActorComponent
  

  

  
  

• 公有类
  

  

  
  

调整健康组件框架

C++

ShootThemUp: Components/STUHealthComponent.h

ShootThemUp: Components/STUHealthComponent.cpp

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默认构造函数	将每帧调用TickComponent函数标志置为false
BeginPlay
TickComponent	屏蔽，使用基类实现

实现

添加生命值上限

protected

ShootThemUp: Components/STUHealthComponent.h

Copy1UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, meta = (ClampMin = "0.0", ClampMax = "1000.0"))
2float MaxHealth = 100.0f;	

添加生命值

private

ShootThemUp: Components/STUHealthComponent.h

Copy1float Health = 0.0f;

初始化生命值

ShootThemUp: Components/STUHealthComponent.cpp

Copy1// BeginPlay
2Health = MaxHealth;

添加接口，返回生命值

public

ShootThemUp: Components/STUHealthComponent.h

Copy1UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable)
2float GetHealth() const { return Health; }

为游戏角色添加健康组件

C++

1. 添加STUHealthComponent类型成员
   
   ShootThemUp: Player/STUBaseCharacter.h
   

   Copy1class USTUHealthComponent;
   2
   3// protected
   4UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
   5USTUHealthComponent *HealthComponent;

2. 初始化组件: STUHealthComponent无表示，不用设置上级组件
   
   ShootThemUp: Player/STUBaseCharacter.cpp
   

   Copy1#include "Components/STUHealthComponent.h"
   2
   3// 构造函数
   4HealthComponent = CreateDefaultSubobject<USTUHealthComponent>("HealthComponent");

为游戏角色添加文本组件

C++

1. 添加UTextRenderComponent类型成员
   
   ShootThemUp: Player/STUBaseCharacter.h
   

   Copy1class UTextRenderComponent;
   2
   3// protected
   4UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
   5UTextRenderComponent *HealthTextComponent;	
   

2. 初始化组件
   
   ShootThemUp: Player/STUBaseCharacter.cpp
   

   Copy1#include "Components/TextRenderComponent.h"
   2
   3// 构造函数
   4HealthTextComponent = CreateDefaultSubobject<UTextRenderComponent>("HealthTextComponent");
   5HealthTextComponent->SetupAttachment(GetRootComponent());

3. 每帧更新HealthTextComponent文本
   
   ShootThemUp: Player/STUBaseCharacter.cpp
   

   Copy1// Tick
   2HealthTextComponent->SetText(FText::FromString(FString::Printf(TEXT("%.0f"), HealthComponent->GetHealth())));

检查组件是否成功初始化

使用IDE编译时，若运行游戏崩溃，可在IDE中查看断点

ShootThemUp: Player/STUBaseCharacter.cpp

Copy1// BeginPlay
2check(HealthComponent);
3check(HealthTextComponent);

调整文本组件

虚幻编辑器

BP_STUBaseCharacter

查看组件

HealthComponent和CharacterMovement无层级：二者均无表示，纯逻辑；创建后无需挂在其他组件下面

查看HealthComponent

调整TextRender组件

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Tranform	Z: 100 Yaw: 180	第三视角：运行时摄像机对着 Character 背面
Text	0	默认值
Horizontal Alignment	Center	水平对齐
Text Render Color	深蓝色	文本颜色

效果图